The move by the department is a sign of the complex and high-stakes nature of the sex trafficking investigation into Representative Gaetz, a close ally of Donald Trump.
The vote came after a bitterly partisan debate over the Capitol attack, and as Republicans sought to deflect questions about Donald J. Trump’s role in the violence.
The federal agency told a G.O.P. House member that it had notified EcoHealth Alliance, a group criticized for its U.S.-funded work with Wuhan scientists, to file data within five days.
The Biden administration had asked the court to block the law. State officials called the request procedurally flawed, saying the court was powerless to grant it.
The agreement comes as more than 130 countries agreed this month to an overhaul of the international tax system that will see nations adopt a global minimum tax of 15 percent.
The furious members accused the Arizona Democrat of “answering to big donors rather than your own people,” in the latest sign of the political pressure she faces.