Ahead of a final vote, Senate Republicans scrambled to make changes to their proposal in order to address concerns that it would balloon budget deficits.
President Trump told Senators Mitch McConnell, Richard Burr and others that he wanted an inquiry into Russian interference in the election to come to a close.
A transition plan developed by John F. Kelly, the White House chief of staff, would install Mike Pompeo, the C.I.A. director, as secretary of state, officials said.
With the Senate on track for a final vote later this week, Republican leaders were still working to secure the votes they need to pass their tax rewrite.